SpaceX Poised to Launch Second Falcon 1 Rocket Today

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SpaceX Targets Jan. 21 Launch for Second Falcon 1 Rocket
SpaceX's Falcon 1 rocket is being readied for a second test launch in January 2007. (Image credit: SpaceX.)

The clockis ticking towards the second plannedFalcon 1 rocket test for the private spaceflight firm Space ExplorationTechnologies (SpaceX), nearly one year after an unsuccessful launch debut.

Liftoff isslated for 7:00 p.m. EDT (2300 GMT) from SpaceX's OmelekIsland launch site on Kwajalein Atoll in the Pacific Ocean's MarshallIslands [image].

"The flightreadiness review conducted [Sunday] shows all systems are go for a launchattempt," SpaceXCEO Elon Musk wrote in a mission update to his El Segundo, California-basedfirm's website, adding that the planned space shot could be delayed "if we haveeven the tiniest concern."

SpaceX hasa four-hour window to launch today's Falcon 1 mission, with additional dailyflight opportunities through March 22. Abooster equipment concern, since resolved, and range safety personnelissues delayed the planned launch several times.

The only glitchMusk has reported for today's planned space shot involves an anomaly with theglobal positioning system portion of the Falcon 1's guidance system. Thebooster is designed to fly primarily on an inertial navigation guidance system,using the GPS system as an aid to refine its path, he added.

Poisedto fly

SpaceX'supcoming launch, dubbed DemoFlight 2, is a demonstration for the U.S. DefenseAdvanced Research Agency (DARPA), which also funded Falcon1's ill-fated debut in March 2006 [image].

That firstFalcon 1 test endedshortly after liftoff after a fuel leakand subsequent fire forced an engine shutdown about 34 seconds into theflight [image].Initially thought to be the result of human error,the rocket failure was ultimately traced to the corrosionof a small aluminum nut.

Since lastyear's test, SpaceX has literally made hundredsof improvements to both the Falcon 1 rocket and its ground supportfacilities on the Kwajalein Atoll, Musk told SPACE.com in a telephoneinterview.

"We didn'tjust say we'll go back to the launch pad with the same vehicle and launchagain, and see if it works," Musk said. "We really have developed version twoof Falcon 1."

The year ofimprovements has given SpaceX more confidence that, even if today's launch isunsuccessful, the spaceflight firm will be able to recover relatively quickly,Musk added.

"Ifanything goes wrong with this launch, I wouldn't expect our next launch to be ayear from now," Musk said. "We've made every improvement we can think of. Ican't think of very much we could do to improve the robustness of the design."

Falconrocket family

SpaceX'sFalcon 1 rocket is a two-stage booster that stands about 68 feet (21 meters)tall and carries a reusable first stage powered by the launch firm's Merlin 1engine.

Designed tolaunch small satellites intolow-Earth orbit, Falcon 1 rockets are expected to haul payloads of up to 1,256pounds (570 kilograms) into space for about $7 million per mission, Musk told SPACE.com.

The boosteris the first of SpaceX's family of Falcon rockets that includes the Falcon 9 rocket,a heavy-lift launcher currently under development to loft the Dragon crewand cargo capsule. The Dragon and Falcon 9 projects [image]comprise the SpaceX's entry for NASA's Commercial OrbitalTransportation System (COTS) to provide crew changeand resupply flights to the International SpaceStation (ISS).

"Falcon 1is our test vehicle really," Musk said, adding that the technology used in thesatellite booster will be upgraded for Falcon 9 launches.

Experimentsaboard

While theprimary goal of today's planned space shot is to demonstrate the Falcon 1rocket's launch capability, the booster is also carrying a pair of experimentalpayloads, SpaceX officials have said.

GwynneShotwell, SpaceX's vice president of business development, has saidin the past that the second Falcon 1 rocket will carry a low-cost satellitecommunications transceiver and an experimental autonomous flight safety systemduring its upcoming launch.

The missionis the first of at least three scheduled Falcon 1 missions for 2007.

A plannedsummer launch is expected to orbit the TacSat-1 satellite for the U.S. NavalResearch Laboratory, with a follow-up mission to launch Razaksat - a Malaysian Earth-observation satellite - later thisyear.

"Falcon 1is intended to be the smallest useful orbital launch vehicle," Musk told SPACE.com.

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Tariq Malik
Tariq Malik
Editor-in-Chief

Tariq is the Editor-in-Chief of Space.com and joined the team in 2001, first as an intern and staff writer, and later as an editor. He covers human spaceflight, exploration and space science, as well as skywatching and entertainment. He became Space.com's Managing Editor in 2009 and Editor-in-Chief in 2019. Before joining Space.com, Tariq was a staff reporter for The Los Angeles Times covering education and city beats in La Habra, Fullerton and Huntington Beach. In October 2022, Tariq received the Harry Kolcum Award for excellence in space reporting from the National Space Club Florida Committee. He is also an Eagle Scout (yes, he has the Space Exploration merit badge) and went to Space Camp four times as a kid and a fifth time as an adult. He has journalism degrees from the University of Southern California and New York University. You can find Tariq at Space.com and as the co-host to the This Week In Space podcast with space historian Rod Pyle on the TWiT network. To see his latest project, you can follow Tariq on Twitter @tariqjmalik.