On May 25, 2008, NASA's Phoenix lander arrived on Mars.
The Phoenix Mars lander was NASA's sixth mission to successfully land on Mars, and it was the first mission to touch down near the planet's north pole. The objective for this mission was to look for evidence of water ice below the Martian surface. This would help scientists study the history of climate change on Mars. The mission would also look for clues about whether the Red Planet could have been habitable or even hosted some kind of alien life in the past.
A Brief History of Mars Missions
Phoenix spent almost 10 months flying to Mars before it plunged into the atmosphere going close to 13,000 mph. Parachutes slowed it down to about 5 mph, and Phoenix gently landed after a 7-minute descent.
Three Mars orbiter missions adjusted their orbits so they could be in a good position to watch the landing. This was the first time that a spacecraft's landing on another planet was caught on camera.
Phoenix went silent in November 2008 after completing its primary mission. The Mars lander likely succumbed to the bitter Martian arctic winter, which caused temperatures to drop below its design life.
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