Paul Sutter
Paul M. Sutter is an astrophysicist at SUNY Stony Brook and the Flatiron Institute in New York City. Paul received his PhD in Physics from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 2011, and spent three years at the Paris Institute of Astrophysics, followed by a research fellowship in Trieste, Italy, His research focuses on many diverse topics, from the emptiest regions of the universe to the earliest moments of the Big Bang to the hunt for the first stars. As an "Agent to the Stars," Paul has passionately engaged the public in science outreach for several years. He is the host of the popular "Ask a Spaceman!" podcast, author of "Your Place in the Universe" and "How to Die in Space" and he frequently appears on TV — including on The Weather Channel, for which he serves as Official Space Specialist.
Latest articles by Paul Sutter
![](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/DXbPs5MXbcTmZ4gGoqXS3g-320-80.jpg)
What are boson stars — and what do they have to do with dark matter?
By Paul Sutter published
The skies may be full of invisible "boson stars" that could have a connection to dark matter.
![](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/MnNWDGtsfugnSaKHEQrbpg-320-80.jpg)
Could we travel to parallel universes?
By Paul Sutter published
If parallel universes exist, can we access them? Let's explore the possibility.
![A NASA graphic depicting a galaxy with a red half-circle superimposed over it to represent the mass of dark matter believed to be found there.](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/bysecChz65uuivv5vdmnHT-320-80.jpg)
'Heavy' dark matter would rip our understanding of the universe apart, new research suggests
By Paul Sutter published
Dark matter can't be too heavy or it might break our best model of the universe, new research suggests.
![a bright pinpoint of light on the left side of the image eventually grows into galaxies and stars on the right](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/mDTibDZk68XPuabZjwQouF-320-80.jpg)
How 'quantum foam' may have inflated the early universe
By Paul Sutter published
For decades, scientists assumed that the expansion of the universe was powered by a new entity, known as the inflaton, but new research suggests that it may have been possible without it.
![mars as seen from from an orbiting spacecraft](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/5xZxFCV7RR58tHjtFKVdmU-320-80.png)
We finally know where to look for life on Mars
By Paul Sutter published
Ever since the discovery of methane on Mars, scientists have wondered if the Red Planet might harbor life. Now, researchers know where to look: deep under the surface of a broad Martian plain.
![artist's rendering of a large solar array under construction on the moon](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/EhjNG4a9MxV9x7TUh2bUhK-320-80.jpg)
New flexible 'metamaterial' inspired by nature could help us build shapeshifting space habitats and telescopes
By Paul Sutter published
Researchers have designed a flexible material that could pave the way for the development of adaptable space structures.
![An illustration of a rippling wave passing through a grid of galaxies](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/H3HHPTGBVfSj8j9RQSktMN-320-80.jpg)
Black hole paradox that stumped Stephen Hawking may have a solution, new paper claims
By Paul Sutter published
As black holes slowly vanish through Hawking radiation, their information may be preserved in subtle space-time ripples, a new theory suggests.
![in front of a black background, two green globs smash together, creating smaller red blobs](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/rUWMQ2jVt9R5gs72PqUEtb-320-80.jpg)
These 5 particles are so strange, we're not sure they exist
By Paul Sutter published
Scientists theorize there could be subatomic particles we have yet to discover. Here are five of the weirdest, rarest hypothetical particles in the universe.
![several large antenna dishes point upward under a starry sky](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/zZcYNFBZ5nRVBHx3xiHWCY-320-80.jpg)
How the 'Great Filter' could explain why we haven't found intelligent aliens
By Paul Sutter published
One possible reason why we haven't found any intelligent life in the cosmos the Great Filter argument, which says that very few civilizations make it to the advanced spacefaring stage.
![This still from a NASA simulation shows the glow from two supermassive black holes as they spiral toward each other ahead of a collision.](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/8rSwZLwkwyHigbUgDdWh95-320-80.jpg)
'Impossible' black holes discovered by the James Webb Space Telescope may finally have an explanation
By Paul Sutter published
Peculiar James Webb Space Telescope observations seem to show gargantuan black holes in the earliest moments of the universe. New research may explain how they formed, thanks to primordial "seeds".
![An alien megastructure like a Dyson sphere doesn’t seem to be causing the weird dimming of one of the weirdest stars in our galaxy, Tabby's star.](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/iVzDgRJPRAKkrmJnpu86mU-320-80.jpg)
The fastest-moving stars in the galaxy may be piloted by intelligent aliens, new paper suggests
By Paul Sutter published
To explore the galaxy and hunt for resources, intelligent aliens might need to turn their home stars into natural spaceships, a new paper suggests. A few known star systems might fit the bill.
![Crackles of orange streak across a purple background, representing tendrils of gas in the cosmic web that unites all galaxies](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/PmTDLMoaoiJYVNGkVbxSvU-320-80.jpg)
'Superhighways' connecting the cosmic web could unlock secrets about dark matter
By Paul Sutter published
Giant filaments crisscross the universe, connecting galaxy clusters like superhighways between cities. But due to their complex shapes, they are stubbornly difficult to measure.
![a black sphere is surrounded in gasses that fade from a bright purple to a dark rust.](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/jHRWJAg2oe8HABFG8esPUm-320-80.jpg)
Dark matter might make space-time ring like a bell around black holes — and we might be able to 'hear' it
By Paul Sutter published
To explain why dark matter particles haven't come up in any direct detection experiments, physicists have wondered if it may be a kind of particle known as an axion.
![A silver and gold trumpet like spacecraft directed at the edge of a glowing orange sphere](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/qKgu3KU9x4CSQWkH8s57tP-320-80.png)
NASA's Parker Solar Probe is solving long-standing mysteries about the sun. Here's what we've learned so far.
By Paul Sutter published
The goal of the Parker Solar Probe mission is to investigate the mysteries of the sun's corona, its outer atmosphere. What has it learned so far?
![The magnetic field of the muon has proven incredibly hard to predict.](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/qtUtfSVgfDXaNypnP5XVa6-320-80.png)
Where did the universe's magnetic fields come from?
By Paul Sutter published
Magnetic fields are everywhere in the universe. But where do they come from?
![a star explodes in deep space, rendering a nearby planet to flaming gravel](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/GvsEMYP5uJHJQdoCMbG3re-320-80.jpg)
Could a supernova ever destroy Earth?
By Paul Sutter published
When stars explode as supernovas, they can cause serious cosmic carnage. Is Earth in any danger from any nearby stars?
![a graphic illustration of a flat earth with a large dome structure above.](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/VavPSqGuBqqh9kF5jR2tfm-320-80.jpg)
How to debate a flat-Earther
By Paul Sutter last updated
Some people around the world believe our planet is flat. Here's the (surprising) truth about debating them.
![An illustration of the Kuiper belt beyond which a hypothetical ninth planet has been suggested to dwell](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/uoYn5WSg4NKNy8ems7pC6D-320-80.jpg)
Does alien life need a planet to survive? Scientists propose intriguing possibility
By Paul Sutter published
While such organisms may or may not exist in the universe, the research has important implications for future human endeavors in space.
![Pluto and its heart-shaped Sputnik Planitia as imaged by New Horizons spacecraft in 2015.](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/qVLgBbgNB2i7uafbCjWYmi-320-80.jpg)
The Pluto problem: Is it time to rethink our definition of a planet?
By Paul Sutter published
In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) famously demoted Pluto to a dwarf planet. Things have been a bit of a mess since then — so is it time to redefine the planet?
![to black circles distort a dense gaseous field of stars and galaxies.](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/zbfRN6hT47MPCQBNTsNt8o-320-80.jpg)
What happens when black holes merge?
By Paul Sutter published
Space mysteries Black hole mergers are beautiful — and some of the most violent events in the cosmos. Here's how the process unfolds.
![fiery swirls of plasma on the sun's surface](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/s8z4LUuZ3uzYD7Fy6dxNVR-320-80.jpg)
Could we turn the sun into a gigantic telescope?
By Paul Sutter published
Using a phenomenon known as gravitational lensing, it might be possible to use the sun as a gigantic telescope to peer deep into space.
![A perfect circle is carved out of a hole in the ground, with grey dust and dirt around the whole, amdist a ground of rusted red.](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/ecgZP4vagotVC3T2LWPGGX-320-80.jpg)
What's behind the Martian methane mystery?
By Paul Sutter published
The cause of mysterious methane spikes on Mars may be a strange form of alien life — or it may just be interesting chemistry. Either way, something odd is happening on the Red Planet.
![a reddish-orange planet lined with craters and valleys](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/oLCk2j4R4JXowpruLkSXXZ-320-80.jpg)
A long-lost moon could explain Mars' weird shape and extreme terrain
By Paul Sutter published
A long-lost moon could explain why Mars is so different from the other rocky planets in the solar system.
![NGC 1569, sparkles with the light from millions of newly formed young stars the cosmic scene glows pink and red.](https://cdn.mos.cms.futurecdn.net/GrHYzCYkN3ELKStVh3dkUZ-320-80.jpg)
Supercharged 'cocoon of energy' may power the brightest supernovas in the universe
By Paul Sutter published
Every so often, astronomers detect a supernova explosion that's 100 times brighter than it should be. A new paper may reveal the strange source of these "superluminous" supernovas.
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