South Korean probe's NASA moon camera illuminates dark lunar crater (photo)

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ShadowCam is living up to its name.

A portion of the permanently shadowed Marvin crater lit by reflected light and imaged by NASA's ShadowCam on Feb. 28, 2023.
A portion of the permanently shadowed Marvin crater lit by reflected light and imaged by NASA's ShadowCam on Feb. 28, 2023. (Image credit: NASA/KARI/Arizona State University)

An image of a crater rim near the lunar south pole shows how NASA's latest lunar camera is shining new light on the darker regions of our celestial neighbor. 

The new photo, snapped on Feb. 28 by the NASA-funded ShadowCam, shows a portion of the 2.85-mile-diameter (4.6 kilometers) Marvin crater, just 16 miles (26 km) from the moon's south pole. 

The super-sensitive Shadowcam is designed to detect reflected light. While areas lit by direct sunlight would appear saturated to the instrument, Shadowcam's sensitivity means it can reveal very dimly lit permanently shadowed regions, or PSRs. 

Related: South Korea's moon mission snaps stunning Earth pics after successful lunar arrival

The new image shows differences in the lighting of craters inside and outside the rim of Marvin crater, because they are being illuminated by faint light being scattered off nearby mountains, according to an update from the ShadowCam team posted on March 13. This means big differences in the direction of lighting experienced by even nearby craters.

Marvin crater was named for pioneering planetary geologist Ursula Marvin. The crater interior is in permanent shadow.

ShadowCam is operating aboard the Korea Aerospace Research Institute's Danuri spacecraft, which entered lunar orbit in December 2022. It builds on the cameras aboard NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, which has been operating since 2009, but is 200 times more sensitive.

ShadowCam has previously revealed unprecedented details of Shackleton crater as part of its commissioning phase.

Related stories:

— NASA moon camera on South Korean probe takes a peek where the sun doesn't shine

— Danuri: Facts about the Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter (KPLO)

— South Korea's Danuri probe captures phases of Earth from lunar orbit (photo)

High-resolution images collected by ShadowCam could provide clues about lunar evolution, water trapped as ice in shadowed regions, and even assist site selection for crewed Artemis missions, according to NASA.

Danuri, meanwhile, has been putting its five other payloads into action, including returning images from its main camera.

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Andrew Jones
Andrew Jones
Contributing Writer

Andrew is a freelance space journalist with a focus on reporting on China's rapidly growing space sector. He began writing for Space.com in 2019 and writes for SpaceNews, IEEE Spectrum, National Geographic, Sky & Telescope, New Scientist and others. Andrew first caught the space bug when, as a youngster, he saw Voyager images of other worlds in our solar system for the first time. Away from space, Andrew enjoys trail running in the forests of Finland. You can follow him on Twitter @AJ_FI.