Skip to main content
Space Space
Sign up to our newsletter Newsletter
RSS
Sign in
  • View Profile
  • Sign out
  • Space Exploration
    • Launches & Spacecraft
      • Private spaceflight
      • Human spaceflight
      • SpaceX
      • Blue Origin
      • Virgin Galactic
      • United Launch Alliance
    • Search for Life
      • Exoplanets
      • SETI
      • Aliens
    • Missions
      • International Space Station
      • Space Shuttle
      • Apollo
      • Artemis
      • Voyager
      • Asteroid & Comet Missions
      • Mars rovers
      • New Horizons
      • Parker Solar Probe
    • Satellites
  • Astronomy
    • Solar System
      • The Sun
      • Asteroids
      • Mars
      • Comets
      • Mercury
      • Jupiter
      • Saturn
      • Pluto
      • Venus
      • Dwarf Planets
      • Neptune
      • Uranus
    • The Moon
      • Moon Phases
    • The Earth
      • Live 4K video from space
      • Climate Change
      • Weather
    • The Universe
      • Stars
      • Black Holes
      • Dark Universe
      • Galaxies
    • Deep Space
      • James Webb Space Telescope
      • Hubble Space Telescope
  • Stargazing
    • Skywatching Kit
      • Telescopes
      • Cameras
    • Astrophotography
    • Eclipses
      • Lunar Eclipses
      • Solar Eclipses
  • Entertainment
    • Space Movies & Shows
      • Star Trek
      • Star Wars
    • Space Games
    • Space Toys & Lego
    • Space Books
    • Technology
      • Drones
      • Aerospace
    • Science
      • Particle Physics
      • Astrophysics
  • Videos
    • Subscribe to our Newsletters
    • About Us
    • Web Notifications
  • home
  • Space Exploration
    • View Space Exploration
    • Launches & Spacecraft
      • View Launches & Spacecraft
      • Private spaceflight
      • Human spaceflight
      • SpaceX
      • Blue Origin
      • Virgin Galactic
      • United Launch Alliance
    • Search for Life
      • View Search for Life
      • Exoplanets
      • SETI
      • Aliens
    • Missions
      • View Missions
      • International Space Station
      • Space Shuttle
      • Apollo
      • Artemis
      • Voyager
      • Asteroid & Comet Missions
      • Mars rovers
      • New Horizons
      • Parker Solar Probe
    • Satellites
  • Astronomy
    • View Astronomy
    • Solar System
      • View Solar System
      • The Sun
      • Asteroids
      • Mars
      • Comets
      • Mercury
      • Jupiter
      • Saturn
      • Pluto
      • Venus
      • Dwarf Planets
      • Neptune
      • Uranus
    • The Moon
      • View The Moon
      • Moon Phases
    • The Earth
      • View The Earth
      • Live 4K video from space
      • Climate Change
      • Weather
    • The Universe
      • View The Universe
      • Stars
      • Black Holes
      • Dark Universe
      • Galaxies
    • Deep Space
      • View Deep Space
      • James Webb Space Telescope
      • Hubble Space Telescope
  • Stargazing
    • View Stargazing
    • Skywatching Kit
      • View Skywatching Kit
      • Telescopes
      • Cameras
    • Astrophotography
    • Eclipses
      • View Eclipses
      • Lunar Eclipses
      • Solar Eclipses
  • Entertainment
    • View Entertainment
    • Space Movies & Shows
      • View Space Movies & Shows
      • Star Trek
      • Star Wars
    • Space Games
    • Space Toys & Lego
    • Space Books
    • Technology
      • View Technology
      • Drones
      • Aerospace
    • Science
      • View Science
      • Particle Physics
      • Astrophysics
  • Videos
    • Subscribe to our Newsletters
    • About Us
    • Web Notifications
Don't miss these
a cylinder building on the right with windows. on the left is an inset image showing a ring of fire solar eclipse.
Solar Eclipses Only 12 people on Earth saw this 'ring-of-fire' eclipse. Here's how one improvised to capture a once-in-a-lifetime photo from Antarctica
A fiery red ball against a black background.
The Sun What will happen when our sun starts dying? These 'stellar archaeologists' may have found a clue
Earthset captured through the Orion spacecraft window at 6:41 p.m. EDT, April 6, 2026, during the Artemis 2 crew’s flyby of the Moon
Artemis Relive Artemis 2's epic moon flyby with these amazing photos
A photo of the crescent moon taken from a spacecraft, with the crescent Earth visible above the lunar horizon, hanging in the blackness of space.
Human Spaceflight Artemis 2 spies a crescent Earth above the moon's horizon | Space photo of the day for April 10, 2026
A white point at the center of the screen leads to two lobes of blue above and below. The lobes also have concentric circles that form a hazy gradient.
Dark Universe A dark energy tool just created the most comprehensive 3D map of our universe ever: 'This is a major paradigm shift'
 Researchers use DESI’s huge 3D map to study dark energy. Earth is at the center of this map, and every point is a galaxy.
Science 3D dark energy map is mind-blowing | Space photo of the day for April 16, 2026
artist's illustration of asteroid apophis, it looks like a giant grey potato, earth is in the upper left corner of the image.
Asteroids 'God of Chaos' asteroid Apophis will blaze across the sky on April 13, 2029 — here's why this once-in-a-lifetime event is worth traveling for
On the left, a circle shows colorful blobs that make sort of a line pattern in the center. On the right, streaks move outward from a central point.
Solar System This X-ray image shows our solar system 'breathing'
a glowing ring of light against a black background as the annular solar eclipse reaches peak annularity from Antarctica.
Solar Eclipses Rare 'ring of fire' eclipse seen by few | Space photo of the day for Feb. 26, 2026
Close-up view from Orion spacecraft during the lunar flyby on April 6 captures a total solar eclipse, with only part of the moon visible as it obscures the sun. The object at left is Venus.
Artemis The Artemis 2 astronauts saw a rare solar eclipse from beyond the moon. Here's what it looked like
An "Einstein cross" with the strange elliptical galaxy J1453g at its heart
Galaxies Scientists use rare 'Einstein Cross' to learn about young galaxy with surprisingly old stars
Pink structures looks like dots all across the image. There's a boxout that shows a magnified view of one section. One small portion of that magnification represents 10 million light-years.
Astronomy Astronomers unveil largest 3D universe map of its kind, illuminating 'hidden' cosmic structures
two panel image on the left is a total sola eclipse whereby a black orb is surrounded by a halo of white light, in the right image is a close up view of a blood red moon during a total lunar eclipse.
Eclipses Why solar and lunar eclipses come in pairs — and what an eclipse season really is
view of the sun with streamers of fast solar wind emanating in all directions.
The Sun Solar wind travels up to 4 times faster than expected, eclipse spacecraft reveals
a dark black orb against the vastness of space. three bright stars/planets are visible too
Artemis 'Unreal' solar eclipse: Artemis 2 crew just saw one of the rarest sights in spaceflight history
Trending
  • Lyrid meteor shower 2026: Spectacular Photos!
  • Night sky tonight!
  • Artemis 2 camera gear: Full list
  • Aurora Forecast
  • Space Calendar
  • Live 4K Sen video from space!
  • Best Drones
  • Lego Star Wars deals
  • Next Full Moon
  • Best Telescopes
  • Solar System Planets
  • Best Star Projectors
  • Best Binoculars
  1. Astronomy
  2. Solar System
  3. The Sun

In Photos: Einstein's 1919 Solar Eclipse Experiment Tests General Relativity

Countdowns
By Sarah Lewin published 29 May 2019

When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s how it works.

Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity, published in 1915, implied that because of the way space and time are interconnected, light's path would bend when it passed by massive objects. In 1919, scientists had the chance to test the theory's predictions — with the help of a total solar eclipse. Here, Albert Einstein sits in his Berlin, Germany study in 1919, at the age of 40.

Page 1 of 9
Page 1 of 9

Sir Arthur Stanley Eddington, whose 1919 expedition to measure a total solar eclipse helped confirm Einstein's theory of relativity. Eddington measured stars during the eclipse from Príncipe, an island off the coast of West Africa, while another team of astronomers took observations from the Brazilian town Sobral. Combining those results led to the decisive measurements confirming the theory.

Page 2 of 9
Page 2 of 9

A photograph of the scientists' setup to measure the May 29, 1919 total solar eclipse from Sobral, Brazil. Two heliostats with moveable mirrors directed images of the sun into two horizontal telescopes.

Page 3 of 9
Page 3 of 9

A glass positive photograph taken of the sun's corona from Sobral, Brazil during the May 29, 1919 total solar eclipse.

Page 4 of 9
Page 4 of 9

One of the stars measured during the 1919 total solar eclipse whose movement confirmed Einstein's theory of relativity. Without the sun's gravitational interference, the star should have appeared at the red dot in the image.

Page 5 of 9
Page 5 of 9

Researchers measured how stars' light bent around the sun during the 1919 total solar eclipse; the precise amount it bent offered additional confirmation of Einstin's calculations.

Page 6 of 9
Page 6 of 9

The phenomenon that bent light around the sun during the 1919 total solar eclipse, called weak lensing, is used today to measure the amount of dark matter in foreground galaxies by measuring how much they bend light passing by from background objects.

Page 7 of 9
Page 7 of 9

The Hubble Space Telescope captured this image of the white dwarf star Stein 2051b, at center, which is 17 light-years from Earth. The smaller star below is 5000 light-years from Earth, and astronomers observed its position change slightly over the course of two years when Stein 2051B passed in front of it from Earth's perspective.

Page 8 of 9
Page 8 of 9

A plaque honoring Arthur Eddington, whose measurements verified Einstein's theory of general relativity.

Page 9 of 9
Page 9 of 9
Sarah Lewin
Sarah Lewin
Social Links Navigation
Associate Editor

Sarah Lewin started writing for Space.com in June of 2015 as a Staff Writer and became Associate Editor in 2019 . Her work has been featured by Scientific American, IEEE Spectrum, Quanta Magazine, Wired, The Scientist, Science Friday and WGBH's Inside NOVA. Sarah has an MA from NYU's Science, Health and Environmental Reporting Program and an AB in mathematics from Brown University. When not writing, reading or thinking about space, Sarah enjoys musical theatre and mathematical papercraft. She is currently Assistant News Editor at Scientific American. You can follow her on Twitter @SarahExplains.

Read more
An "Einstein cross" with the strange elliptical galaxy J1453g at its heart
Galaxies Scientists use rare 'Einstein Cross' to learn about young galaxy with surprisingly old stars
 
 
Close-up view from Orion spacecraft during the lunar flyby on April 6 captures a total solar eclipse, with only part of the moon visible as it obscures the sun. The object at left is Venus.
Artemis The Artemis 2 astronauts saw a rare solar eclipse from beyond the moon. Here's what it looked like
 
 
a group of people watch a solar eclipse wearing eclipse glasses and look up at the sun smiling.
Solar Eclipses Why do some places wait 1000 years for a solar eclipse, while others get two in a decade?
 
 
Screenshot from a new NASA animation highlighting some of the universe's biggest black holes, including the record-holding TON 618, which is about as massive as 60 billion suns.
James Webb Space Telescope James Webb Space Telescope reveals new origin story for the universe's 1st supermassive black holes
 
 
An illustration of a planet that looks like Earth, and it has twin sunds.
Exoplanets Why don't more Tatooine-like exoplanets exist in our Milky Way galaxy? Astronomers might have an answer
 
 
a dark black orb against the vastness of space. three bright stars/planets are visible too
Artemis 'Unreal' solar eclipse: Artemis 2 crew just saw one of the rarest sights in spaceflight history
 
 
Latest in The Sun
a close up view of the sun in space, a large fiery solar flare lifts off the sun in the upper right corner.
The Sun Sun unleashes 2 colossal X-flares within 7 hours of each other, knocking out radio signals on Earth
 
 
A fiery red ball against a black background.
The Sun What will happen when our sun starts dying? These 'stellar archaeologists' may have found a clue
 
 
view of the sun with streamers of fast solar wind emanating in all directions.
The Sun Solar wind travels up to 4 times faster than expected, eclipse spacecraft reveals
 
 
three panel image from left to right showing the x-flare the accompanying CME and the Artemis 2 moon rocket sitting ready on the launch pad.
The Sun Powerful X-class solar flare triggers radio blackout ahead of Artemis 2 launch (video)
 
 
A yellow orb with loops coming out of it and hazy rays all around is slightly blocked by a shadow toward the bottom left of the screen.
The Sun Sun storms are powered by a magnetic engine 16 Earths deep, study finds
 
 
a spotless yellow orb on a black background
The Sun The sun hasn't looked like this since 2022, what's going on?
 
 
Latest in Countdowns
Earthset captured through the Orion spacecraft window at 6:41 p.m. EDT, April 6, 2026, during the Artemis 2 crew’s flyby of the Moon
Artemis Artemis 2: Our favorite photos from NASA's historic moon mission
 
 
three panel image on the left is a blue lagoon in iceland, middle is a total solar eclipse and on the right is a group of people wearing eclipse glasses and smiling.
Solar Eclipses From spa to boat party: 10 epic events for the Aug. 12, 2026, total solar eclipse in Spain and Iceland
 
 
graphic showing a location pin, inside is image of a blood red moon and below is Earth from space. The text reads 10 best places to see the blood moon 2026.
Lunar Eclipses 10 best places to see the 'blood moon' total lunar eclipse on March 3
 
 
three panel image showing on the left meteors streaking through the sky above an arch rock formation , top right a blue green meteor with a long tail  and bottom right northern lights captured from a plane, showing ribbons of purple and green lights above the city lights below.
Astrophotography Our 10 favorite Space.com reader astronomy photos of 2025
 
 
four panel image showing left to right a blood red moon, a meteor streaking through the sky, venus shining bright in the sky and a total solar eclipse
Stargazing 15 skywatching events you won't want to miss in 2026
 
 
Three cowboys on horses wearing ten-gallon hats cross from left to right across a snowy hill with a large yellow full moon in a pink night sky behind them
Stargazing 13 must-see moon events in 2026: Eclipses, supermoons, conjunctions and more
 
 
MORE FROM SPACE...
  1. "Before we know how it all will end, we need to understand how it all began."
    1
    How did humanity end up underground in 'Silo'? Apple TV digs deep in new Season 3 teaser (video)
  2. 2
    This X-ray image shows our solar system 'breathing'
  3. 3
    Viltrox AF 50mm f/1.4 Pro FE lens review
  4. 4
    How did the USSR win the space race to beat the US to the moon in Apple TV's new 'Star City'?
  5. 5
    Comet PanSTARRS approaches Earth on April 26. Here's how to catch it in satellite imagery this weekend

Space is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. Visit our corporate site.

Add as a preferred source on Google Add as a preferred source on Google
  • About Us
  • Contact Future's experts
  • Terms and conditions
  • Privacy policy
  • Cookies policy
  • Accessibility Statement
  • Advertise with us
  • Web notifications
  • Careers

© Future US, Inc. Full 7th Floor, 130 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036.

Please login or signup to comment

Please wait...