New documents suggest that NASA officials dismissed concerns raised by the LGBTQ community over the name of its newest observatory, the James Webb Space Telescope.
NASA was aware that discrimination against LGBTQ people took place in the agency under the leadership of 1960s administrator James Webb when it refused to remove the man's name from its flagship mission, new documents obtained by Nature reveal.
In early 2021, a group of astronomers petitioned NASA to change the name of the space observatory of the century, the $10 billion James Webb Space Telescope, arguing that his actions contributed to the "Lavender Scare" targeting LGBTQ people in government at the time. NASA dismissed the request in September 2021, claiming it had no evidence to support the allegation, and never published a report into the investigation, according to Nature.
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The new documents, obtained under a freedom of information request, however, tell a different story. They show that NASA was aware of a 1969 court case filed by a former NASA employee who had been fired in 1963 because supervisors thought he was gay.
In addition, Nature found that available documents described such practices as customary in NASA during the 1960s, when James Webb was at the agency's helm.
Among the documents obtained by Nature were email exchanges between NASA officials and an external researcher from spring 2021, which discussed the 1969 court ruling, describing it as "troubling." The external researcher that in the ruling, which rejected an appeal of the fired employee named Clifford Norton, the judge noted that the manager who fired Norton had been told by NASA's personnel office at the time that it was a "custom within the agency" to fire people for "homosexual conduct," according to Nature.
"I think you will find this paragraph to be troubling," the external researcher wrote to Eric Smith, the James Webb Space Telescope program scientist at NASA. "'A custom within the agency' sounds pretty bad," the researcher wrote, according to Nature.
The documents don't contain evidence that James Webb personally targeted LGBTQ people. However, astronomers opposing the name posit that he played a major role in setting the culture at the agency he presided over.
During his time at NASA, Webb oversaw the legendary Apollo program that landed humans on the moon, but also fostered the agency's focus on science. He died in 1992; 13 years later, NASA Administrator Sean O'Keefe decided to honor his predecessor by naming the biggest, most complex and most powerful space observatory to date after him.
The modern NASA, the one that built and launched the James Webb Space Telescope in December 2021, prides itself in its commitment to diversity, equity, inclusion and accessibility.
"NASA is entirely committed to the full participation and empowerment of a wide variety of people, organizations, capabilities, and assets because we know this best enables us to access everyone and everything we need to best accomplish our missions," the agency's policy states, according to Nature.
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